Buschi A J, Harrison R B, Norman A, Brenbridge A G, Williamson B R, Gentry R R, Cole R
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1980 Aug;135(2):339-42. doi: 10.2214/ajr.135.2.339.
The left renal vein frequently demonstrates a marked variation in caliber between the part distal to the aorta and the part directly in front of the aorta. This is well seen on both computed tomography (CT) and sonography. This variation in caliber or distention is believed to be secondary to a "nutcracker " effect formed by the aorta posteriorly and the superior mesenteric artery anteriorly. The third part of the duodenum may also add to the pincer effect on the left renal vein. A series of 72 patients was examined for this variation and the relation of the caliber of the left renal vein to the anatomy of the aorta, superior vena cava, and duodenum. These patients were also evaluated for any possible relation between the presence of a distended left renal vein and a varicocele.
左肾静脉在腹主动脉远端部分与腹主动脉正前方部分之间的管径常常显示出明显差异。这在计算机断层扫描（CT）和超声检查中都能清晰看到。这种管径变化或扩张被认为是由后方的腹主动脉和前方的肠系膜上动脉形成的“胡桃夹”效应所致。十二指肠第三部也可能增加对左肾静脉的钳夹作用。对72例患者进行了此项差异以及左肾静脉管径与腹主动脉、上腔静脉和十二指肠解剖结构关系的检查。还对这些患者评估了左肾静脉扩张与精索静脉曲张之间的任何可能关系。
