Muirhead E E, Folkow B, Byers L W, Desiderio D M, Thorén P, Göthberg G, Dow A W, Brooks B
Hypertension. 1983 Mar-Apr;5(2 Pt 2):I112-8. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.5.2_pt_2.i112.
Two antihypertensive lipids can be extracted from fresh renal medulla. One is polar (the antihypertensive polar renomedullary lipid, or APRL) and the other is nonpolar (the antihypertensive neutral renomedullary lipid, or ANRL). APRL and ANRL differ in their biologic activities: APRL in bolus intravenous injections causes a very rapid decline in the arterial pressure (AP) while ANRL, after a lag of 2 minutes, causes a slower decline in AP. APRL increases heart rate and sympathetic activity. ANRL decreases heart rate and sympathetic activity. ANRL appears to convert to APRL, under certain in vitro circumstances, suggesting that the structure of the two molecules is related. ANRL and APRL appear in the renal venous effluent after unclipping; biologically, ANRL seems dominant. The renal venous effluent of the unclipped isolated kidney lowers the HR and sympathetic activity of the normal rat. Unclipping degranulates the renomedullary interstitial cells (RIC). The antihypertensive effect of unclipping appears due to the secretion of ANRL and APRL by the kidney. It is concluded that ANRL seems to be the antihypertensive hormone of the RIC.
可从新鲜肾髓质中提取出两种降压脂质。一种是极性的（降压极性肾髓质脂质，即APRL），另一种是非极性的（降压中性肾髓质脂质，即ANRL）。APRL和ANRL的生物活性不同：大剂量静脉注射APRL会使动脉血压（AP）迅速下降，而ANRL在延迟2分钟后会使AP缓慢下降。APRL会增加心率和交感神经活动。ANRL会降低心率和交感神经活动。在某些体外情况下，ANRL似乎会转化为APRL，这表明这两种分子的结构有关联。解除肾蒂夹闭后，ANRL和APRL会出现在肾静脉流出液中；从生物学角度来看，ANRL似乎占主导地位。解除肾蒂夹闭的离体肾脏的肾静脉流出液会降低正常大鼠的心率和交感神经活动。解除肾蒂夹闭会使肾髓质间质细胞（RIC）脱颗粒。解除肾蒂夹闭的降压作用似乎是由于肾脏分泌ANRL和APRL所致。结论是，ANRL似乎是RIC的降压激素。
