Muirhead E E, Byers L W, Desiderio D M, Brooks B, Brosius W M
Fed Proc. 1981 Jun;40(8):2285-90.
Four types of lipids with potential antihypertensive properties have recently been derived from the kidney. These consist of prostaglandins (PG), a renin inhibitor, a neutral lipid, and alkyl ether analogs of phosphatidylcholine. PGI2, mostly renocortical, and PGE2, mostly renomedullary, may aid the antihypertensive function of the kidney by decreasing renal vascular resistance and shunting blood toward the juxtamedullary zone and the renal papilla, where the renomedullary interstitial cells (RIC) are located. Several analogs of the renin inhibitor are available. The neutral lipid is a natural product derived from fresh renal medulla and from RIC grown as monolayer tissue culture. The alkyl ether analogs of phosphatidylcholine (formerly designated as the antihypertensive polar renomedullary lipid or APRL) are orally active vasodilators. They cause a prolonged depressor effect due to a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. The latter may be partly due to alpha-adrenergic antagonism.
最近已从肾脏中提取出四种具有潜在降压特性的脂质。它们包括前列腺素（PG）、一种肾素抑制剂、一种中性脂质以及磷脂酰胆碱的烷基醚类似物。主要存在于肾皮质的前列环素I2（PGI2）和主要存在于肾髓质的前列腺素E2（PGE2），可通过降低肾血管阻力并将血液分流至肾髓质间质细胞（RIC）所在的近髓区和肾乳头，从而辅助肾脏发挥降压功能。肾素抑制剂有多种类似物。这种中性脂质是一种天然产物，从新鲜肾髓质以及单层组织培养生长的RIC中提取而来。磷脂酰胆碱的烷基醚类似物（以前称为降压性极性肾髓质脂质或APRL）是口服活性血管扩张剂。由于外周血管阻力降低，它们会产生持久的降压作用。后者可能部分归因于α-肾上腺素能拮抗作用。
