Hemminki K, Mutanen P, Saloniemi I
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1983 Jan 1;145(1):61-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(83)90340-x.
A multivariate analysis was carried out with retrospective data on the effects of tobacco smoking on congenital malformations and spontaneous abortions. Congenital malformations were collected from the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformation. Tens of possible confounding variables, including maternal and family characteristics, obstetric history, medicine taking, and diseases during the pregnancy, were taken into consideration. In the final analysis 13 confounders were controlled. The odds ratios for the smoker's child to be born with central nervous system, oral cleft, or musculoskeletal malformations were 1.25, 1.25, and 0.75, respectively. All the differences were statistically nonsignificant. The effect of smoking on spontaneous abortions was analyzed by means of a questionnaire study on hospital personnel. The smokers of over 10 cigarettes per day had more spontaneous abortions than the nonsmokers, but the differences were not significantly statistically. The data were controlled for age, parity, and coffee and alcohol drinking.
利用关于吸烟对先天性畸形和自然流产影响的回顾性数据进行了多变量分析。先天性畸形数据取自芬兰先天性畸形登记册。考虑了数十个可能的混杂变量，包括母亲和家庭特征、产科病史、用药情况以及孕期疾病。在最终分析中，对13个混杂因素进行了控制。吸烟者的孩子患中枢神经系统、口腔腭裂或肌肉骨骼畸形的比值比分别为1.25、1.25和0.75。所有差异均无统计学意义。通过对医院工作人员进行问卷调查研究分析了吸烟对自然流产的影响。每天吸烟超过10支的吸烟者自然流产的情况比不吸烟者多，但差异无统计学意义。数据针对年龄、产次以及咖啡和酒精饮用情况进行了控制。
