Holmes K K, Spiegel C, Amsel A R, Eschenbach D A, Chen K C, Totten P
Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1981;26:110-4.
Nonspecific vaginosis (NSV) is a very common clinical syndrome with characteristic clinical, biochemical, and microbiologic features. There is a thin, malodorous homogeneous, grey, nonpurulent vaginal discharge. The discharge usually has a pH greater than 4.5, contains "clue cells" on wet mount examination, and produces a "fishy" odor when mixed with 10% potassium hydroxide. The discharge contains an increased concentration of at least seven amines which are presumably produced by bacterial decarboxylases; and several volatile and non-volatile organic acid metabolites of anaerobic bacteria. Although the pathogenesis of NSV is not understood, the normal, lactobacillus-dominated microbial flora is replaced by Gardnerella (Haemophilus) vaginalis and certain anaerobic species. Treatment with sulfonamide creams or oral tetracycline is usually ineffective. Ampicillin is often effective, but metronidazole appears to be the most effective antimicrobial for this condition. The optimal dose of metronidazole, and the need for treatment of sex partners, require further study.
非特异性阴道炎（NSV）是一种非常常见的临床综合征，具有特征性的临床、生化和微生物学特征。阴道分泌物稀薄、有恶臭、均匀、呈灰色、非脓性。分泌物的pH值通常大于4.5，湿片检查可见“线索细胞”，与10%氢氧化钾混合时会产生“鱼腥味”。分泌物中至少七种胺的浓度增加，推测是由细菌脱羧酶产生的；还有几种厌氧菌的挥发性和非挥发性有机酸代谢产物。虽然NSV的发病机制尚不清楚，但以乳酸杆菌为主的正常微生物群被阴道加德纳菌（嗜血杆菌）和某些厌氧菌所取代。使用磺胺类乳膏或口服四环素治疗通常无效。氨苄西林通常有效，但甲硝唑似乎是治疗这种疾病最有效的抗菌药物。甲硝唑的最佳剂量以及性伴侣是否需要治疗，还需要进一步研究。
