Dyson M
Br J Cancer Suppl. 1982 Mar;5:165-71.
The cellular effects of ultrasound can be grouped into those which are predominantly thermal in origin and those which are, at least in part, non-thermal. Cellular effects of ultrasound generally acknowledged to be essentially non-thermal include changes associated with standing waves, acoustic streaming, microstreaming and cavitation; they have been demonstrated in vitro and may, in many instances, also occur in vivo. While some stimulate cell activity and can be exploited in ultrasonic therapy, others are potentially hazardous and must be avoided. Examples of experimentally-demonstrated cellular effects in which non-thermal, ultrasonically-induced events are involved are described, together with the mechanisms considered to be involved in producing them. The relevance of such effects to the safe and beneficial use of ultrasound in diagnosis and therapy is considered.
超声的细胞效应可分为主要源于热效应的和至少部分是非热效应的。一般认为本质上是非热效应的超声细胞效应包括与驻波、声流、微流和空化相关的变化；这些效应已在体外得到证实，并且在许多情况下也可能在体内发生。虽然有些效应能刺激细胞活性并可用于超声治疗，但其他一些效应可能具有潜在危害，必须避免。文中描述了涉及非热超声诱导事件的实验证明的细胞效应实例，以及被认为与这些效应产生有关的机制。还考虑了这些效应与超声在诊断和治疗中的安全和有益应用的相关性。
