Zahn T P, Rapoport J L, Thompson C L
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1980 Jun;8(2):145-60. doi: 10.1007/BF00919060.
The hypothesis is tested that the response to dextroamphetamine in terms of activity, attention, impulsivity, and autonomic activity is similar in normal (N) and hyperactive (H) children. Fourteen N and 15 H boys had skin conductance (SC), heart rate (HR), and finger temperature (ST) recorded during rest, presentation of eight 75-dB tones, and a reaction time (RT) procedure on three occasions: off drug (Day 1) and after ingestion (double-blind) of placebo and of .5 mg/kg dextroamphetamine. Both N and H groups showed drug effects, compared to placebo, of reduced motor activity and impulsivity, improved attention (RT), increased HR and HR slowing during RT foreperiods, and decreased ST. Both groups also had decreases in SC responsivity but in different parts of the test. Placebo compared to Day 1 produced increased activity and autonomic "arousal" but no change in Rt. Stimulant drugs thus have similar behavioral and autonomic effects in both N and H boys, but the beneficial effects on behavior do not depend critically on increases in arousal.
正常（N）儿童和多动（H）儿童在活动、注意力、冲动性及自主神经活动方面对右旋苯丙胺的反应相似。14名N组男孩和15名H组男孩在休息期间、呈现八个75分贝音调时以及进行反应时间（RT）程序的三种情况下记录皮肤电导（SC）、心率（HR）和手指温度（ST）：未用药（第1天）以及在双盲服用安慰剂和0.5毫克/千克右旋苯丙胺后。与安慰剂相比，N组和H组均显示出药物效应，表现为运动活动和冲动性降低、注意力（RT）改善、心率增加以及在RT前期心率减慢、手指温度降低。两组在测试的不同部分皮肤电导反应性也均降低。与第1天相比，安慰剂使活动和自主神经“唤醒”增加，但RT无变化。因此，兴奋剂药物在N组和H组男孩中具有相似的行为和自主神经效应，但对行为的有益影响并不关键取决于唤醒的增加。
