McAuliffe V J, Purcell R H, Gerin J L
Rev Infect Dis. 1980 May-Jun;2(3):470-92. doi: 10.1093/clinids/2.3.470.
Several subunit vaccines against hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been developed and either are being evaluated or soon will be evaluated for their ability to prevent HBV infection in humans. Most of these preparations consist of highly purified, 22-nm spherical particles of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) that have been extracted from the plasma of chronic carriers of HBV and inactivated with formalin. Extensive testing in humans and chimpanzees showed these vaccines to be free of residual HBV or other harmful agents and to be capable of stimulating the production of protective antibodies to HBsAg in the majority of recipients. Successful immunization of those at highest risk, e.g., babies of HBV-infected mothers, can be expected to have a major impact on the enormous, worldwide problem of hepatitis B infection and its sequelae.
已经研发出几种针对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的亚单位疫苗，其中一些正在进行评估，或者很快将对其预防人类HBV感染的能力进行评估。这些制剂大多由从HBV慢性携带者血浆中提取并用福尔马林灭活的高度纯化的22纳米球形乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）颗粒组成。在人类和黑猩猩身上进行的广泛测试表明，这些疫苗不含残留的HBV或其他有害物质，并且能够刺激大多数接种者产生针对HBsAg的保护性抗体。对高危人群，例如HBV感染母亲的婴儿进行成功免疫，有望对全球范围内乙型肝炎感染及其后遗症这一巨大问题产生重大影响。
