Biochemical characteristics and identification of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from meats.

The isolation and identification of 2,220 Enterobacteriaceae from meats indicated that Escherichia coli biotype I, Enterobacter agglomerans, and Serratia liquefaciens were the principal types to be differentiated in meats. Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter hafniae were also commonly identified. Identification of isolates by the Encise II (Roche Diagnostics Inc., Nutley, N.J.) and Minitek (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) coding systems gave similar results with only 255 (11.5%) discrepancies in identity, but both systems required large numbers of supplementary tests for identification of the isolates. Not only the distribution of Enterobacteriaceae types isolated from meats but also some of the biochemical reactions of the isolates differed from those of clinical isolates. The Minitek technique is recommended because of its versatility. However, with the addition of cellobiose and salicin disks and the inclusion of methyl red to the Minitek test and the use of the Voges-Proskauer test and gas production in EC medium at elevated temperature as standard tests, the identification of these Enterobacteriaceae from meats would be greatly facilitated. The inclusion of the motility test, for example, using nitrate motility agar, would also be of value to Enterobacteriaceae identification.