Elwood P C, Haley T J, Hughes S J, Sweetnam P M, Gray O P, Davies D P
Arch Dis Child. 1981 Nov;56(11):831-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.56.11.831.
Twelve hundred and fifty-one pregnant women were contacted and their infants followed to age 5 years. Nine hundred and fifty-one (76%) children completed the trial. Measurements were made of birthweight, length, head circumference, and triceps skinfold at 10 days, and of weight, height, head circumference, and triceps at 5 years. Throughout the entire period of the study half the families, selected at random, were supplied with milk tokens entitling the mother, while pregnant, and all children under age 5 years, to 1 pint of milk a day at half its current price. The tokens led to a small increase in milk purchases by the families and to a small increase in milk drunk by the children. However no effect was detected in any growth measurement either in the total group, or in a more "vulnerable" group of children from the largest families.
研究人员联系了1251名孕妇，并对她们的婴儿进行追踪，直至其5岁。951名（76%）儿童完成了试验。分别在婴儿出生10天时测量其出生体重、身长、头围和肱三头肌皮褶厚度，在5岁时测量体重、身高、头围和肱三头肌。在整个研究期间，随机挑选半数家庭，为其提供牛奶券，使孕妇母亲以及所有5岁以下儿童能够以当前价格的一半每天购买1品脱牛奶。这些牛奶券使家庭的牛奶购买量略有增加，儿童的牛奶摄入量也略有增加。然而，无论是在整个研究组中，还是在来自大家庭的更“脆弱”儿童组中，均未在任何生长指标上检测到影响。
