Reuben J M, Tanner C E, Rau M E
Infect Immun. 1978 Jul;21(1):135-9. doi: 10.1128/iai.21.1.135-139.1978.
Previous studies have demonstrated that prophylactic treatment with BCG protects cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) against experimental infections with Echinococcus multilocularis; this treatment can, however, induce granulomatous reactions. In an attempt to identify a minimum prophylactic dose of BCG which would not induce granulomas, cotton rats were treated intraperitoneally with various doses of BCG (10(1) to 10(7) colony-forming units [CFU]) and then inoculated intraperitoneally with one brood capsule of the parasite. Consistent and complete protection was obtained by the inoculation of as few as 10(3) CFU of BCG. A dose of 10(1) CFU gave no protection whatsoever, and 10(2) CFU gave only partial protection. Doses larger than 10(3) (10(5), 10(7) CFU) also afforded complete protection but gave rise to granulomatous lesions. At the time of the inoculation of the parasite, protection coincided with a general elevation of leukocytes, especially cells of the monocyte/macrophage series. It is proposed that these results support evidence for the macrophage being the principal potential effector cell in hydatid disease.
先前的研究表明，用卡介苗进行预防性治疗可保护棉鼠（刚毛囊鼠）免受多房棘球绦虫的实验性感染；然而，这种治疗可能会引发肉芽肿反应。为了确定不会诱发肉芽肿的最低预防性卡介苗剂量，给棉鼠腹腔注射不同剂量的卡介苗（10¹至10⁷集落形成单位[CFU]），然后腹腔接种该寄生虫的一个育囊。接种低至10³CFU的卡介苗即可获得持续且完全的保护。10¹CFU的剂量没有提供任何保护，10²CFU仅提供部分保护。大于10³（10⁵、10⁷CFU）的剂量也能提供完全保护，但会引发肉芽肿病变。在接种寄生虫时，保护作用与白细胞总体升高同时出现，尤其是单核细胞/巨噬细胞系列的细胞。有人提出，这些结果支持巨噬细胞是包虫病主要潜在效应细胞的证据。
