Schmitz B, Possart-Schmitz P, Gehrung M, Stauffer U, Mossmann H, Fischer H
Z Parasitenkd. 1982;68(3):339-47. doi: 10.1007/BF00927412.
LEWIS rats, in contrast to NMRI mice, have been found to be resistant to an oral infection with Nematospiroides dubius (Baylis, 1926). Comparative studies of the peritoneal response to infection showed a strong increase in the cell number predominantly of eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes in rats, whereas in mice only a weak reaction occurred. As shown by the chemiluminescence response to either antibody--or complement-coated larvae, the granulocyte reaction caused an increased production of toxic oxygen species by the peritoneal cells. Purified granulocytes from rats or mice showed about a ten-fold higher oxidant generation than macrophages. The higher metabolic activity of granulocytes of either species resulted in rapid and strong killing of antibody or complement-coated infective larvae by granulocytes of either species, whereas macrophages failed to express a significant larvicidal potency. From these results we concluded that the activated oxygen species derived from the metabolic burst of granulocytes are essential for an effective control of the primary infection with N. dubius. This suggests that the rapid and strong granulocyte response may form the basis of the resistance in rats. Thus, in mice, the ability of N. dubius to prevent the granulocyte response may serve as an escape mechanism of the parasite.
与NMRI小鼠不同，已发现LEWIS大鼠对杜氏类圆线虫（Baylis，1926）的口服感染具有抗性。对感染的腹膜反应的比较研究表明，大鼠体内细胞数量显著增加，主要是嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜中性粒细胞，而小鼠仅发生微弱反应。如对抗体或补体包被的幼虫的化学发光反应所示，粒细胞反应导致腹膜细胞产生更多的毒性氧物质。来自大鼠或小鼠的纯化粒细胞产生氧化剂的能力比巨噬细胞高约十倍。两种物种的粒细胞较高的代谢活性导致两种物种的粒细胞对抗体或补体包被的感染性幼虫进行快速而强烈的杀伤，而巨噬细胞则没有显著的杀幼虫效力。从这些结果我们得出结论，粒细胞代谢爆发产生的活性氧对于有效控制杜氏类圆线虫的初次感染至关重要。这表明快速而强烈地粒细胞反应可能是大鼠抗性的基础。因此，在小鼠中，杜氏类圆线虫阻止粒细胞反应的能力可能是该寄生虫的一种逃避机制。
