Awadzi K, Orme M L, Breckenridge A M, Haddock D, Gilles H M
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1981;49 Suppl 5:131-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1981.tb03264.x.
Metrifonate has been studied in the treatment of infections with Onchocerca volvulus in West Africa. In doses of 10 mg/kg daily for six days, metrifonate was effective against the microfilariae but produced unpleasant reactions due both to the death of the microfilariae and to the muscarinic effects of the drug. In a comparison of 10 mg/kg metrifonate, for 3 doses at 10 day intervals, with diethylcarbamazine (D.E.C.) in a total dose of 6.6 g, metrifonate was significantly less effective than D.E.C. in killing microfilariae but produced significantly fewer adverse effects. In a final study comparing metrifonate 10 mg/kg/day given for 3 or for 6 days there was little difference in their therapeutic effect. However, metrifonate 10 mg/kg given for 6 days produced more severe adverse reactions due largely to the muscarinic and nicotinic effects of acetylcholine and these effects were not prevented by the administration of belladonna alkaloids. Metrifonate 10 mg/kg given for 3 doses at 10 day intervals is effective in the treatment of onchocerciasis but is unlikely to replace diethylcarbamazine. Metrifonate has no action on the adult worms.
敌百虫已在西非用于治疗盘尾丝虫感染的研究。以每日10毫克/千克的剂量服用六天，敌百虫对微丝蚴有效，但由于微丝蚴死亡和药物的毒蕈碱样作用而产生不良反应。在一项将间隔10天服用3次、每次10毫克/千克的敌百虫与总剂量为6.6克的乙胺嗪（D.E.C.）进行比较的研究中，敌百虫在杀死微丝蚴方面明显不如乙胺嗪有效，但产生的不良反应明显较少。在一项最终研究中，比较每日服用10毫克/千克、持续3天或6天的敌百虫，其治疗效果几乎没有差异。然而，服用6天、每日10毫克/千克的敌百虫产生的不良反应更严重，这主要是由于乙酰胆碱的毒蕈碱样和烟碱样作用，而给予颠茄生物碱并不能预防这些作用。间隔10天服用3次、每次10毫克/千克的敌百虫对治疗盘尾丝虫病有效，但不太可能取代乙胺嗪。敌百虫对成虫无作用。
