在单纯使用甲氧苄啶五年后芬兰出现的甲氧苄啶耐药性。
Trimethoprim resistance in Finland after five years' use of plain trimethoprim.
作者信息
Huovinen P, Toivanen P
出版信息
Br Med J. 1980 Jan 12;280(6207):72-4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.280.6207.72.
A total of 1388 urinary bacterial pathogens were tested for resistance to plain trimethoprim after five years' use of this drug for prophylaxis against urinary tract infections. Samples were obtained in Turku, Finland, where use of the drug is much greater than in other parts of Finland. Resistance to trimethoprim (greater than 8 mg/l; agar-dilution method) occurred in 20.3% of strains isolated from outpatients and 39.8% of strains isolated from inpatients. Escherichia coli and Micrococcus showed low incidences of resistance (11% and 13% respectively in ouptatients and 23% and 19% respectively in inpatients); Enterobacter, Streptococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis occupied an intermediate position; and Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella were resistant in 41-76% of cases. Similar incidences of resistance were observed to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, sulphamethoxazole, ampicillin, and nitrofurantoin. These findings together with the rare occurrence of side effects and convenient dosage confirm the usefulness of plain trimethoprim for urinary tract infection.
在使用甲氧苄啶预防尿路感染五年后，共对1388株尿路细菌病原体进行了对普通甲氧苄啶的耐药性检测。样本取自芬兰图尔库，该地该药的使用量远高于芬兰其他地区。从门诊患者分离出的菌株中，对甲氧苄啶的耐药率（大于8mg/l；琼脂稀释法）为20.3%，从住院患者分离出的菌株中为39.8%。大肠杆菌和微球菌的耐药率较低（门诊患者中分别为11%和13%，住院患者中分别为23%和19%）；肠杆菌、粪肠球菌和表皮葡萄球菌处于中间位置；奇异变形杆菌和克雷伯菌的耐药率在41%-76%之间。对复方磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺甲恶唑、氨苄西林和呋喃妥因也观察到了类似的耐药率。这些发现连同罕见的副作用和方便的剂量，证实了普通甲氧苄啶对尿路感染的有效性。
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