Arroyave G, Mejía L A, Aguilar J R
Am J Clin Nutr. 1981 Jan;34(1):41-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/34.1.41.
Based on the Guatemalan program of vitamin A fortification of sugar, a longitudinal evaluation on serum retinol levels of preschool-aged children was performed. Five consecutive surveys executed every 6 months were examined, considering only children who were surveyed more than once. Thus, the changes in their serum retinol after the intervention were evaluated. Natural dietary vitamin A remained unchanged throughout. Addition of retinyl palmitate to sugar increased significantly the intake (p < 0.001). After 1 yr of fortification 76% of the children experienced an elevation of retinol. All those with initial values < 20 microgram/dl showed an increase. Mean values increased significantly, particularly for children below 20 microgram/dl whose levels changed from 16.2 +/- 2.9 to 30.2 +/- 9.7 (P < 0.00001). Those between 20 to 29 microgram/dl increased from 24.9 +/- 3.2 to 30.1 +/- 8.1 (p < 0.0003). Similar results were obtained after 2 yr. The results indicated the effectiveness of the program in raising serum retinol levels.
基于危地马拉糖强化维生素A项目，对学龄前儿童的血清视黄醇水平进行了纵向评估。研究检查了每6个月进行一次的连续5次调查，仅考虑接受过多次调查的儿童。因此，评估了干预后他们血清视黄醇的变化。整个过程中天然膳食维生素A保持不变。向糖中添加棕榈酸视黄酯显著增加了摄入量（p < 0.001）。强化1年后，76%的儿童视黄醇水平升高。所有初始值<20微克/分升的儿童视黄醇水平均有所增加。平均值显著增加，特别是初始值低于20微克/分升的儿童，其水平从16.2±2.9变为30.2±9.7（P < 0.00001）。20至29微克/分升之间的儿童从24.9±3.2增加到30.1±8.1（p < 0.0003）。2年后获得了类似结果。结果表明该项目在提高血清视黄醇水平方面是有效的。
