Shermak M A, Saavedra J M, Jackson T L, Huang S S, Bayless T M, Perman J A
Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Nov;62(5):1003-6. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/62.5.1003.
Lactase-deficient adults demonstrate improved lactose absorption and fewer symptoms when consuming yogurt than when consuming milk containing equivalent amounts of lactose. To examine this effect and its mechanisms in children, we compared symptoms and hydrogen production as an index of lactose malabsorption after typical servings of milk, pasteurized yogurt, and yogurt containing active live culture in 14 lactose-malabsorbing children (mean age 9.5 y). Symptoms and interval breath-hydrogen concentrations were recorded for 8 h after ingestion of 12 g lactose served as milk and yogurts. Lactose-malabsorbing children experienced significantly fewer symptoms after consuming yogurt containing active cultures than after consuming milk (P < 0.005). Pasteurized yogurt showed an intermediate effect. Lactose from yogurt was not better absorbed than was lactose from milk, as indicated by similar areas under the hydrogen curve; however, yogurt was associated with a delayed time to rise and lower rate of rise of the hydrogen curve. The rate of hydrogen rise correlated with the degree of symptoms. In children, mechanisms other than enhanced lactose absorption from yogurt may lead to changes in the kinetics of hydrogen production, which in turn are associated with improved tolerance.
乳糖酶缺乏的成年人在食用酸奶时比食用含有等量乳糖的牛奶时，乳糖吸收得到改善，症状也更少。为了研究这种效应及其在儿童中的机制，我们比较了14名乳糖吸收不良儿童（平均年龄9.5岁）在食用典型份量的牛奶、巴氏杀菌酸奶和含有活性益生菌的酸奶后，作为乳糖吸收不良指标的症状和氢气产生情况。在摄入12克以牛奶和酸奶形式提供的乳糖后8小时内记录症状和呼气氢气浓度。与饮用牛奶相比，食用含有活性益生菌的酸奶后，乳糖吸收不良的儿童症状明显减少（P<0.005）。巴氏杀菌酸奶显示出中等效果。如氢气曲线下面积相似所示，酸奶中的乳糖吸收并不比牛奶中的乳糖更好；然而，酸奶与氢气曲线上升时间延迟和上升速率降低有关。氢气上升速率与症状程度相关。在儿童中，除了酸奶中乳糖吸收增强之外的其他机制可能导致氢气产生动力学的变化，这反过来又与耐受性改善有关。
