西欧的健康指标与医疗保健系统的组织架构
Health indicators and the organization of health care systems in western Europe.
作者信息
Elola J, Daponte A, Navarro V
机构信息
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1995 Oct;85(10):1397-401. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.10.1397.
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the association between health care systems and health indicators in developed countries.
METHODS
Cross-national comparisons were conducted with regression analysis between 17 Western European countries with two types of health care systems: national health services and social security systems.
RESULTS
Health care expenditures were inversely correlated to potential years of life lost to females and to infant mortality rates; they were positively correlated to life expectancy for females. Regression models predicted that countries with national health services systems would have lower infant mortality rates at similar levels of gross domestic product (GDP) and health care expenditures. Finally, increases in health care expenditures would decrease the ratio of observed to predicted infant mortality rates according to GDP; this decrease would be greater in countries with national health services than in those with social security systems. The model predicted this difference to be about 13% at average levels of health expenditures.
CONCLUSIONS
National health services seem to be more efficient at producing lower infant mortality rates than social security systems in Western European countries.
目的
本研究调查了发达国家医疗保健系统与健康指标之间的关联。
方法
对17个西欧国家的两种医疗保健系统（国家卫生服务体系和社会保障体系）进行了跨国比较，并进行回归分析。
结果
医疗保健支出与女性潜在寿命损失年数和婴儿死亡率呈负相关；与女性预期寿命呈正相关。回归模型预测，在国内生产总值（GDP）和医疗保健支出水平相似的情况下，拥有国家卫生服务体系的国家婴儿死亡率会更低。最后，根据GDP，医疗保健支出的增加会降低观察到的与预测的婴儿死亡率之比；在拥有国家卫生服务体系的国家，这种下降幅度会比拥有社会保障体系的国家更大。该模型预测，在平均医疗支出水平下，这种差异约为13%。
结论
在西欧国家，国家卫生服务体系在降低婴儿死亡率方面似乎比社会保障体系更有效。
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