Walsh J S, Fairley J A
Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995 Nov;33(5 Pt 1):693-706; quiz 707-10. doi: 10.1016/0190-9622(95)91803-5.
Calcium is vital to many biologic processes. In skin, it has a profound effect on keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, and cell-cell adhesion. Serum calcium is tightly regulated by parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)2D3. Despite this careful regulation, calcification and ossification of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues may occur. Cutaneous calcification may be divided into four major categories: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, and iatrogenic. Dystrophic calcification occurs as a result of local tissue injury or abnormalities. Metastatic calcification results from abnormal calcium and/or phosphate metabolism. Virtually any process that calcifies may secondarily ossify. Primary ossification may rarely occur.
钙对许多生物过程至关重要。在皮肤中，它对角质形成细胞的增殖、分化及细胞间黏附有着深远影响。血清钙受甲状旁腺激素和1,25(OH)₂D₃严格调控。尽管有这种精细调控，皮肤和皮下组织仍可能发生钙化和骨化。皮肤钙化可分为四大类：营养不良性、转移性、特发性和医源性。营养不良性钙化是局部组织损伤或异常所致。转移性钙化是钙和/或磷酸盐代谢异常的结果。实际上，任何发生钙化的过程都可能继发骨化。原发性骨化很少见。
