Huijbregts P P, Feskens E J, Kromhout D
National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Department of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Epidemiology, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Apr;24(2):313-20. doi: 10.1093/ije/24.2.313.
We investigated whether dietary patterns were associated with cardiovascular risk factors in 518 elderly men (70-89 years), using data from the 30-year follow-up survey of the Zutphen Study.
Dietary intake was estimated by cross-check dietary history. We used cluster analysis to aggregate individuals into four groups, characterized by high alcohol intake, high meat consumption, healthy dietary pattern, and high intake of refined sugars.
In the alcohol cluster socioeconomic status was higher (P < 0.05) than in the meat cluster. High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was 0.15-0.23 mmol/l higher (P < 0.05) in the alcohol cluster compared to the other clusters. Furthermore, in the meat cluster HDL-cholesterol was 0.08 mmol/l higher than in the refined sugars cluster (P < 0.05). Total serum cholesterol was 0.26 mmol/l higher in the meat cluster compared to the healthy diet cluster (95% CI: -0.17, 0.69). The prevalence of hypertension was almost 10% higher in alcohol cluster compared to the other three clusters (95% CI: -3, 23). The percentage of non-smokers was highest in the healthy diet cluster. These results were irrespective of potential confounders, such as age, body mass index, socioeconomic status, smoking, and being on a prescribed diet.
The effects of moderate alcohol intake on cardiovascular risk factors are confirmed in elderly men. Furthermore, a healthy diet is associated with more favourable levels of cardiovascular risk factors at old age.
我们利用祖特芬研究30年随访调查的数据，研究了518名老年男性（70 - 89岁）的饮食模式与心血管危险因素之间的关联。
通过交叉核对饮食史来估计饮食摄入量。我们使用聚类分析将个体分为四组，其特征分别为高酒精摄入量、高肉类消费量、健康饮食模式和高精制糖摄入量。
在酒精组中，社会经济地位高于肉类组（P < 0.05）。与其他组相比，酒精组的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇高0.15 - 0.23 mmol/l（P < 0.05）。此外，肉类组的HDL胆固醇比精制糖组高0.08 mmol/l（P < 0.05）。与健康饮食组相比，肉类组的总血清胆固醇高0.26 mmol/l（95%可信区间：-0.17，0.69）。与其他三个组相比，酒精组的高血压患病率高出近10%（95%可信区间：-3，23）。健康饮食组的非吸烟者比例最高。这些结果不受年龄、体重指数、社会经济地位、吸烟和规定饮食等潜在混杂因素的影响。
老年男性中适度饮酒对心血管危险因素的影响得到证实。此外，健康饮食与老年时更有利的心血管危险因素水平相关。
