Kromhout D, Menotti A, Bloemberg B, Aravanis C, Blackburn H, Buzina R, Dontas A S, Fidanza F, Giampaoli S, Jansen A
Division of Public Health Research, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 1995 May;24(3):308-15. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1995.1049.
In the Seven Countries Study associations between intake of individual fatty acids and dietary cholesterol were studied in relation to serum cholesterol and 25-year mortality from coronary heart disease. All analyses concern only intercohort comparisons.
In the baseline surveys carried out between 1958 and 1964, risk factors for coronary heart disease were measured among 12,763 middle-aged men constituting 16 cohorts in seven countries. In 1987 and 1988 equivalent food composites representing the average food intake of each cohort at baseline were collected locally and analyzed in a central laboratory. The vital status of all participants was verified at regular intervals during 25 years of follow-up.
Of the individual saturated fatty acids, the average population intake of lauric and myristic acid was most strongly related to the average serum cholesterol level (r > 0.8, P < 0.001). Strong positive associations were observed between 25-year death rates from coronary heart disease and average intake of the four major saturated fatty acids, lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acid (r > 0.8, P < 0.001); the trans fatty acid elaidic acid (r = 0.78, P < 0.001); and dietary cholesterol (r = 0.55, P < 0.05).
Interpreted in the light of experimental and clinical studies, the results of these cross-cultural analyses suggest that dietary saturated and trans fatty acids and dietary cholesterol are important determinants of differences in population rates of coronary heart disease death.
在七国研究中，研究了个体脂肪酸和膳食胆固醇的摄入量与血清胆固醇及冠心病25年死亡率之间的关联。所有分析仅涉及队列间比较。
在1958年至1964年进行的基线调查中，对来自七个国家16个队列的12763名中年男性测量了冠心病危险因素。1987年和1988年，在当地收集了代表每个队列基线时平均食物摄入量的等效食物组合，并在中央实验室进行分析。在25年的随访期间定期核查所有参与者的生命状态。
在个体饱和脂肪酸中，月桂酸和肉豆蔻酸的平均人群摄入量与平均血清胆固醇水平的相关性最强（r>0.8，P<0.001）。观察到冠心病25年死亡率与四种主要饱和脂肪酸（月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸）的平均摄入量之间存在强正相关（r>0.8，P<0.001）；反式脂肪酸反油酸（r = 0.78，P<0.001）；以及膳食胆固醇（r = 0.55，P<0.05）。
根据实验和临床研究进行解读，这些跨文化分析结果表明，膳食饱和脂肪酸、反式脂肪酸和膳食胆固醇是人群冠心病死亡率差异的重要决定因素。
