McDougall G J
J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 1995 Aug;7(8):369-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.1995.tb01163.x.
This study examined the influence of depression and health on the use of memory strategies of cognitively impaired (n = 55) and cognitively intact (n = 169) older adults. The intact group used memory strategies more often than the impaired group and were more likely to use external strategies such as diaries, notes, and lists, instead of internal strategies such as elaboration and rehearsal. The impaired group used the internal strategies such as elaboration and rehearsal. The impaired group used the internal strategy effort more often. There was no difference in perception of memory capacity between groups. Depression had a negative influence on perceptions of capacity and change in both groups.
本研究考察了抑郁和健康状况对认知受损（n = 55）及认知未受损（n = 169）的老年人记忆策略使用的影响。未受损组比受损组更频繁地使用记忆策略，且更倾向于使用诸如日记、笔记和清单等外部策略，而非诸如 elaboration 和 rehearsal 等内部策略。受损组使用 elaboration 和 rehearsal 等内部策略，且更频繁地使用内部策略。两组在记忆能力认知方面没有差异。抑郁对两组的能力认知和变化均有负面影响。
