Reisine T, Bell G I
Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Neuroscience. 1995 Aug;67(4):777-90. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(95)00072-q.
The neuropeptide somatostatin is widely distributed in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues and may be involved in the regulation of a number of physiological functions including movement and cognition. Somatostatin may also have a role in the development of the central nervous system, in particular, the cerebellum and spinal cord. Somatostatin induces its actions by interacting with a family of membrane associated receptors. Recently, five somatostatin receptors have been cloned and referred to as SSTR1-SSTR5. The distribution of the expression of the mRNAs for these receptors are distinct but overlapping. Preliminary pharmacological analysis of these receptors may lead to the development of selective ligands at these receptors. These compounds may be useful in identifying the selective functions of these receptor subtypes. Some somatostatin analogues have antiproliferative actions and are used presently to treat carcinoids. Development of subtype selective somatostatin analogues could be helpful in further identifying somatostatin receptor-expressing tumors and in the treatment of cancer. The cloning of these receptors has now opened up the possibility of more clearly investigating the functions of somatostatin in the brain and peripheral tissues and will facilitate the generation of new somatostatin drugs that may be employed for the treatment of a number of diseases.
神经肽生长抑素广泛分布于中枢神经系统和外周组织，可能参与包括运动和认知在内的多种生理功能的调节。生长抑素在中枢神经系统尤其是小脑和脊髓的发育中也可能发挥作用。生长抑素通过与一类膜相关受体相互作用来发挥其作用。最近，已克隆出五种生长抑素受体，分别称为SSTR1 - SSTR5。这些受体的mRNA表达分布各不相同但有重叠。对这些受体进行初步药理分析可能会促使开发出针对这些受体的选择性配体。这些化合物可能有助于确定这些受体亚型的选择性功能。一些生长抑素类似物具有抗增殖作用，目前用于治疗类癌。开发亚型选择性生长抑素类似物可能有助于进一步识别表达生长抑素受体的肿瘤并用于癌症治疗。这些受体的克隆现在为更清晰地研究生长抑素在脑和外周组织中的功能开辟了可能性，并将有助于开发可用于治疗多种疾病的新型生长抑素药物。
