Khan A D, Schroeder D G, Martorell R, Rivera J A
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6301, USA.
J Nutr. 1995 Apr;125(4 Suppl):1090S-1096S. doi: 10.1093/jn/125.suppl_4.1090S.
Retrospective data on age at menarche were collected for 832 Guatemalans 15-30 y in age to test whether exposure to a high energy and high protein supplement (Atole: 163 kcals/682 kJ and 11.5 g protein per cup or 180 mL) during childhood led to earlier menarche than did exposure to a low energy, no protein supplement (Fresco: 59 kcals/247 kJ in 180 mL). Mean age at menarche was similar in Atole (13.75 +/- 1.22 y; mean +/- SD) and Fresco (13.74 +/- 1.36 y) groups. The corresponding value for immigrants (n = 144), subjects not exposed to the supplements, was 13.55 +/- 1.20 y. Year of birth as well as socioeconomic status (SES) were associated with age at menarche. Age at menarche declined by 0.69 y over the 15-y period and menarche occurred earlier in higher SES households. Significant positive interactions between supplement type and SES and between supplement type and year of birth were found, but plausible explanations for them could not be advanced.
收集了832名15至30岁危地马拉人的月经初潮年龄回顾性数据，以测试儿童期摄入高能量高蛋白补充剂（阿托尔：每杯或180毫升含163千卡/682千焦能量和11.5克蛋白质）是否比摄入低能量无蛋白质补充剂（弗雷斯可：180毫升含59千卡/247千焦能量）导致月经初潮更早。阿托尔组（13.75±1.22岁；均值±标准差）和弗雷斯可组（13.74±1.36岁）的月经初潮平均年龄相似。未接触补充剂的移民（n = 144）的相应值为13.55±1.20岁。出生年份以及社会经济地位（SES）与月经初潮年龄相关。在15年期间，月经初潮年龄下降了0.69岁，且月经初潮在社会经济地位较高的家庭中出现得更早。发现补充剂类型与社会经济地位之间以及补充剂类型与出生年份之间存在显著的正相互作用，但无法提出合理的解释。
