化学污染物、药代动力学与哺乳期母亲
Chemical contaminants, pharmacokinetics, and the lactating mother.
作者信息
Rogan W J, Ragan N B
机构信息
Office of Clinical Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
出版信息
Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Dec;102 Suppl 11(Suppl 11):89-95. doi: 10.1289/ehp.94102s1189.
Abstract
We review the commonly occurring persistent pesticides and industrial chemicals in breast milk. These chemicals are dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane as dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene dieldrin, chlordane as oxychlordane, heptachlor, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins. We present a worked example of the kinds of pharmacokinetic assumptions and calculations necessary for setting regulatory limits of contaminants in the food supply, calculating dose of chemical contaminants to the nursed infant, converting risks from lifetime exposure in laboratory animals to risks for short-term exposure in humans, and estimating the excess cancer risk to the nursed infant.
摘要
我们综述了母乳中常见的持久性农药和工业化学品。这些化学品包括二氯二苯三氯乙烷及其代谢产物二氯二苯二氯乙烯、狄氏剂、氯丹及其代谢产物氧化氯丹、七氯、多氯联苯、多氯二苯并呋喃和多氯二苯并二噁英。我们给出了一个实例，说明设定食品供应中污染物监管限值、计算哺乳婴儿接触化学污染物的剂量、将实验动物终身接触风险转化为人类短期接触风险以及估算哺乳婴儿额外癌症风险所需的药代动力学假设和计算方法。
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