Stams A J
Department of Microbiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1994;66(1-3):271-94. doi: 10.1007/BF00871644.
In methanogenic environments organic matter is degraded by associations of fermenting, acetogenic and methanogenic bacteria. Hydrogen and formate consumption, and to some extent also acetate consumption, by methanogens affects the metabolism of the other bacteria. Product formation of fermenting bacteria is shifted to more oxidized products, while acetogenic bacteria are only able to metabolize compounds when methanogens consume hydrogen and formate efficiently. These types of metabolic interaction between anaerobic bacteria is due to the fact that the oxidation of NADH and FADH2 coupled to proton or bicarbonate reduction in thermodynamically only feasible at low hydrogen and formate concentrations. Syntrophic relationships which depend on interspecies hydrogen or formate transfer were described for the degradation of e.g. fatty acids, amino acids and aromatic compounds.
在产甲烷环境中，发酵细菌、产乙酸细菌和产甲烷细菌相互协作降解有机物。产甲烷菌对氢气、甲酸盐的消耗，以及在一定程度上对乙酸盐的消耗，会影响其他细菌的代谢。发酵细菌的产物生成会转向更多的氧化产物，而只有当产甲烷菌有效消耗氢气和甲酸盐时，产乙酸细菌才能代谢化合物。厌氧细菌之间的这些代谢相互作用是由于以下事实：NADH和FADH2的氧化与质子或碳酸氢盐还原相偶联，在热力学上仅在低氢气和甲酸盐浓度下才可行。例如，脂肪酸、氨基酸和芳香族化合物的降解存在依赖种间氢气或甲酸盐转移的互营关系。
