Xu X, Li B, Huang H
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Mar;103(3):286-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.95103286.
We conducted a time-series analysis of daily hospital visits and air pollution data to assess acute effects of air pollution on daily unscheduled outpatient visits to internal medicine, pediatric, and emergency departments in the No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Medical University in Beijing, China. Sulfur dioxide was marginally significantly associated with total outpatient visits (beta = 41.5, SE = 24.2) and significantly associated with internal medicine (beta = 14.6, SE = 6.7), pediatric (beta = 12.7, SE = 3.7), and emergency room visits (beta = 6.8, SE = 2.7). Total suspended particulates (TSP) was a significant predictor for total outpatient (beta = 21.1, SE = 7.7) and pediatric visits (beta = 3.4, SE = 1.3) and a marginally significant predictor of internal medicine visits (beta = 4.2, SE = 2.2). In a season-specific analysis, SO2 was a significant predictor for total hospital outpatient visits in summer, although the mean daily SO2 concentration was only 17 micrograms/m3 (maximum = 51 micrograms/m3). In winter, SO2 was significantly associated with internal medicine, pediatric, and emergency room visits, and TSP was associated with total outpatient visits. This study suggests an exposure-response relationship between TSP and SO2 and hospital outpatient visits, both at high air pollution levels and at levels well below air quality standards recommended by the World Health Organization.
我们对每日医院就诊量和空气污染数据进行了时间序列分析，以评估空气污染对中国北京北京大学第三医院内科、儿科和急诊科每日非预约门诊就诊的急性影响。二氧化硫与总门诊就诊量存在边缘显著关联（β = 41.5，标准误 = 24.2），与内科（β = 14.6，标准误 = 6.7）、儿科（β = 12.7，标准误 = 3.7）和急诊室就诊量显著相关（β = 6.8，标准误 = 2.7）。总悬浮颗粒物（TSP）是总门诊就诊量（β = 21.1，标准误 = 7.7）和儿科就诊量（β = 3.4，标准误 = 1.3）的显著预测指标，也是内科就诊量的边缘显著预测指标（β = 4.2，标准误 = 2.2）。在特定季节分析中，SO₂是夏季医院总门诊就诊量的显著预测指标，尽管每日SO₂平均浓度仅为17微克/立方米（最高 = 51微克/立方米）。在冬季，SO₂与内科、儿科和急诊室就诊量显著相关，TSP与总门诊就诊量相关。本研究表明，在高空气污染水平以及远低于世界卫生组织推荐的空气质量标准的水平下，TSP和SO₂与医院门诊就诊量之间存在暴露-反应关系。
