Elhelu M A, Caldwell D T, Hirpassa W D
Agricultural Experimental Station, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, D.C., USA.
Arch Environ Health. 1995 Mar-Apr;50(2):165-9. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1995.9940894.
This study was designed to assess distribution and sources of lead in inner-city soils in Washington, D.C. Duplicate soil samples were collected randomly from 239 unpaved front yards of homes in Washington, D.C. Soil samples were collected 1 m from the houses. Lead concentration in soil was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Presence of lead detected in soil was correlated and traced to the anticipated source of origin. A significantly high concentration of lead was present in inner-city soils. Areas of the city in which the highest lead concentrations were found (Wards 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) were determined to contain a large number of residents who had attained lower education levels than most residents in the remaining wards. It was concluded that lead concentration in inner-city soil plays a significant role in the incidence of lead poisoning in children in the District of Columbia and that paint is the main source of soil lead. Demographic characteristics of the residents appeared to enhance the distribution of lead poisoning.
本研究旨在评估华盛顿特区市中心城区土壤中铅的分布及来源。从华盛顿特区239个住宅的未铺砌前院随机采集了重复土壤样本。土壤样本在距离房屋1米处采集。通过火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中的铅浓度。对土壤中检测到的铅进行关联并追溯到预期的来源。市中心城区土壤中存在显著高浓度的铅。发现铅浓度最高的城区（第1、4、5、6、7、8区）被确定有大量居民，其受教育程度低于其余城区的大多数居民。得出的结论是，市中心城区土壤中的铅浓度在哥伦比亚特区儿童铅中毒发生率中起重要作用，且油漆是土壤铅的主要来源。居民的人口统计学特征似乎加剧了铅中毒的分布。
