Canals J, Marti-Henneberg C, Fernández-Ballart J, Domènech E
Departament de Psicologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995 Apr;4(2):102-11. doi: 10.1007/BF01977738.
Depression characteristics were investigated in 507 adolescents using a two-stage longitudinal study design. The three-year longitudinal study started when the girls and boys were 11 and 12 years, respectively. In the initial (screening) phase the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to select subjects for phase-II of the study in which the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) interview was used. The caseness definition of Major Depression (MD) and Dysthymia (D) was based on the DSM-III-R criteria. Pubertal development was assessed by Tanner's staging. Estimated prevalence of Major Depression in the female sample for each increasing year of age was 2.2%, 2.7% and 4.1%. In the male sample the prevalence for the three years was 0.9%, 0.3% and 0.6%. There was no relation to age. The estimated mean prevalence of Dysthymia was 1.4% in girls and 0.8% in boys. No association between pubertal development and depression was found. Longitudinal data support the notion of chronic depression in early adolescence.
采用两阶段纵向研究设计，对507名青少年的抑郁特征进行了调查。这项为期三年的纵向研究开始时，女孩和男孩分别为11岁和12岁。在初始（筛查）阶段，使用儿童抑郁量表（CDI）选择研究第二阶段的受试者，该阶段使用儿童抑郁评定量表修订版（CDRS-R）访谈。重度抑郁（MD）和恶劣心境（D）的病例定义基于DSM-III-R标准。青春期发育通过坦纳分期进行评估。女性样本中，随着年龄每增加一岁，重度抑郁的估计患病率分别为2.2%、2.7%和4.1%。男性样本中，三年的患病率分别为0.9%、0.3%和0.6%。与年龄无关。恶劣心境的估计平均患病率在女孩中为1.4%，在男孩中为0.8%。未发现青春期发育与抑郁之间存在关联。纵向数据支持青春期早期慢性抑郁的观点。
