Broder H L, Smith F B, Strauss R P
Department of General and Hospital Dentistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry, New Jersey Dental School, Newark 07103-2400.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1994 Nov;31(6):429-36. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1994_031_0429_eovaio_2.3.co_2.
Self-ratings of satisfaction with appearance and accomplishment of psychosocial tasks were examined by age and gender among school aged children with visible defects (cleft lip and/or palate, n = 272), or invisible defects (cleft palate only, n = 159), and dental patients (n = 128) without clefts. Using weighted least squares ANOVA and logistic regressions, the results revealed that subjects with visible defects expressed greater dissatisfaction with their appearance than those subjects with invisible defects (p < .001). Subjects with invisible defects consistently expressed lower problem solving ability than subjects with visible defects (p < .001) and dental patients with no defects (p < .05). Both groups with clefts expressed less social independence (p < .001); and subjects with clefts reported having more friends than other children (p < .01). Implications for clinicians and further research are discussed.
研究人员对患有明显缺陷（唇裂和/或腭裂，n = 272）、隐形缺陷（仅腭裂，n = 159）的学龄儿童以及无腭裂的牙科患者（n = 128），按照年龄和性别对其外表满意度及心理社会任务完成情况进行了自我评估。通过加权最小二乘方差分析和逻辑回归分析，结果显示，有明显缺陷的受试者比有隐形缺陷的受试者对外表表现出更大的不满（p < 0.001）。有隐形缺陷的受试者在解决问题的能力上始终低于有明显缺陷的受试者（p < 0.001）以及无缺陷的牙科患者（p < 0.05）。两组患有腭裂的受试者均表现出较低的社会独立性（p < 0.001）；并且患有腭裂的受试者报告称其朋友比其他儿童更多（p < 0.01）。文中还讨论了该研究对临床医生的启示以及进一步的研究方向。
