Ohlsson K, Hansson G A, Balogh I, Strömberg U, Pålsson B, Nordander C, Rylander L, Skerfving S
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Occup Environ Med. 1994 Dec;51(12):826-32. doi: 10.1136/oem.51.12.826.
The aim was to study the association between personal factors and physical and psychosocial work environment factors and disorders of the neck or upper limbs among women in the fish processing industry.
A cross sectional study was performed on 206 women in the fish processing industry and 208 control women. Several physical and psychosocial work environment factors were evaluated. Subjective complaints about the neck or upper limbs were assessed by questionnaire and by a clinical examination.
The study showed a high prevalence (35%) of diagnoses in the neck or shoulders of the exposed women. All prevalence odds ratios (POR's) were substantially higher in young women. There was a pronounced dose-response relation between disorders of the neck or shoulders and duration of employment for women < 45 years old. When studying 322 former workers, the proportion who claimed musculoskeletal complaints as the reason for leaving was highest among the older women. Muscular tension, stress or worry, work strain, and the largest fraction of the work time spent with highly repetitive work tasks were clearly associated with disorders of the neck or shoulders. The measurements of the wrist movements also showed that the work was performed almost without any pauses and that the median flexion and extension velocity was high (41 degree/s). The results of observation showed good agreement with the measurements of wrist motion.
Work in the fish processing industry is a risk factor for disorders of the neck and upper limbs. Due to the homogenity of the physical work load in the exposed group, we could not show any associations between the objective measurements and disorders. In cross sectional studies the risk may be underestimated due to a healthy worker effect.
本研究旨在探讨鱼类加工业女性的个人因素、身体及心理社会工作环境因素与颈部或上肢疾病之间的关联。
对206名鱼类加工业女性和208名对照女性进行了横断面研究。评估了多种身体及心理社会工作环境因素。通过问卷调查和临床检查评估了关于颈部或上肢的主观症状。
研究显示，暴露组女性颈部或肩部疾病的患病率较高（35%）。所有患病率比值比（POR）在年轻女性中显著更高。对于45岁以下女性，颈部或肩部疾病与工作时长之间存在明显的剂量反应关系。在研究322名 former workers时，声称肌肉骨骼问题是离职原因的比例在老年女性中最高。肌肉紧张、压力或担忧、工作压力以及从事高度重复性工作任务所花费的工作时间占比最大，这些因素与颈部或肩部疾病明显相关。手腕运动测量还显示，工作几乎没有停顿，中位屈伸速度较高（41度/秒）。观察结果与手腕运动测量结果显示出良好的一致性。
鱼类加工业的工作是颈部和上肢疾病的一个风险因素。由于暴露组体力工作负荷的同质性，我们未能显示客观测量与疾病之间的任何关联。在横断面研究中，由于健康工人效应，风险可能被低估。
