Macfarlane G J, McCredie M, Coates M
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
J Oral Pathol Med. 1994 Jul;23(6):241-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1994.tb00052.x.
Incidence and mortality rates for oral and pharyngeal cancers have been reported to be increasing in Europe and the United States, with particularly large increases in mortality in central and eastern Europe. Such increases have been noted to be birth cohort-based, primarily affecting young and middle-aged men. In this report oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence data from New South Wales, Australia has been analysed for the period 1972-90. Although an increase in the incidence of oral and pharyngeal cancer occurred during the mid-1970s and early 1980s, it did not continue. This pattern is consistent with Australian trends in per capita consumption of tobacco, alcohol, fruit and vegetables. Individual regions within metropolitan Sydney showed substantial geographical variation with age-specific rates of oral and pharyngeal cancers (combined) in middle-aged men being at least three times higher in the city of Sydney than in New South Wales as a whole. Given the preventable nature of the disease, such high rates need not occur.
据报道，欧洲和美国口腔及咽喉癌的发病率和死亡率呈上升趋势，中东欧地区的死亡率上升尤为显著。这种上升被认为是以出生队列计算的，主要影响年轻和中年男性。在本报告中，对1972年至1990年期间澳大利亚新南威尔士州的口腔及咽喉癌发病率数据进行了分析。尽管在20世纪70年代中期和80年代初期口腔及咽喉癌发病率有所上升，但并未持续。这种模式与澳大利亚人均烟草、酒精、水果和蔬菜消费趋势一致。悉尼大都市内的各个地区显示出显著的地理差异，中年男性口腔及咽喉癌（合并）的年龄别发病率在悉尼市至少比整个新南威尔士州高三倍。鉴于该疾病具有可预防性，如此高的发病率本不应出现。
