Chu K U, Higashide S, Evers B M, Rajaraman S, Ishizuka J, Townsend C M, Thompson J C
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
Ann Surg. 1994 Oct;220(4):570-6; discussion 576-7. doi: 10.1097/00000658-199410000-00015.
The authors determined whether bombesin could improve survival from methotrexate (MTX)-induced enterocolitis.
Bombesin prevents gut mucosal atrophy, which is produced by feeding rats an elemental diet. Administration of MTX produces a lethal enterocolitis in rats fed an elemental diet.
On treatment day 0, 60 rats were divided randomly into three groups and fed an elemental diet (Vivonex TEN, Sandoz, Minneapolis, MN) as the only source of nutrition. Groups were subdivided further to receive either saline or bombesin (10 micrograms/kg, subcutaneously, three times a day) beginning either on day 0 or day 14. Methotrexate (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was given to all rats 14 days after the start of an elemental diet.
Bombesin prevented the mucosal atrophy in the ileum produced by the elemental diet and significantly decreased mortality in rats given MTX (whether given as a pretreatment or at the time of MTX administration).
Bombesin significantly improved survival in a lethal model of MTX-induced enterocolitis, possibly by maintaining gut mucosal structure. Administration of bombesin to patients receiving chemotherapy may be clinically useful in preventing the severe enterocolitis induced by various chemotherapeutic agents.
作者确定蛙皮素是否能提高甲氨蝶呤（MTX）诱导的小肠结肠炎大鼠的存活率。
蛙皮素可预防因给大鼠喂食要素饮食而导致的肠道黏膜萎缩。给予MTX会在喂食要素饮食的大鼠中引发致命性小肠结肠炎。
在治疗第0天，将60只大鼠随机分为三组，以要素饮食（Vivonex TEN，山德士公司，明尼阿波利斯，明尼苏达州）作为唯一营养来源。各组再进一步细分，从第0天或第14天开始，分别接受生理盐水或蛙皮素（10微克/千克，皮下注射，每日三次）。在开始要素饮食14天后，给所有大鼠腹腔注射甲氨蝶呤（20毫克/千克）。
蛙皮素可预防要素饮食引起的回肠黏膜萎缩，并显著降低给予MTX大鼠的死亡率（无论作为预处理给药还是在给予MTX时给药）。
蛙皮素可显著提高MTX诱导的致命性小肠结肠炎模型的存活率，可能是通过维持肠道黏膜结构实现的。对接受化疗的患者给予蛙皮素在临床上可能有助于预防各种化疗药物引起的严重小肠结肠炎。
