Spiller R C
University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, U.K.
Pharmacol Ther. 1994;62(3):407-27. doi: 10.1016/0163-7258(94)90052-3.
"Dietary fibre" includes a range of relatively poorly digested food substances mainly composed of non-starch polysaccharides. Pectins and gums are multi-branched hydrophilic substances, forming viscous solutions that delay gastric emptying and nutrient absorption from the small bowel. They are used to delay gastric emptying and improve glycemic control in diabetes, as well as to alleviate constipation. Other fibres, including cellulose and lignins, are insoluble and have little effect on gastric emptying and small bowel transit. They markedly accelerate colonic transit and are frequently used as laxatives. Other important, less well-characterised effects of fibre include lowering of blood cholesterol, increase in satiety and possibly reduction in colon neoplasia.
“膳食纤维”包括一系列消化相对较差的食物物质，主要由非淀粉多糖组成。果胶和树胶是多分支的亲水性物质，形成粘性溶液，可延迟胃排空和小肠营养物质的吸收。它们被用于延迟胃排空、改善糖尿病患者的血糖控制以及缓解便秘。其他纤维，包括纤维素和木质素，不溶于水，对胃排空和小肠运输影响很小。它们能显著加速结肠运输，常被用作泻药。纤维的其他重要但特征不太明确的作用包括降低血液胆固醇、增加饱腹感以及可能减少结肠肿瘤。
