Brownell K D, Rodin J
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.
Arch Intern Med. 1994 Jun 27;154(12):1325-30.
This article reviews studies on the effects of weight cycling and weight variability on metabolism, psychological status, morbidity, and mortality. Repeated bouts of weight loss and regain, known as weight cycling or yo-yo dieting, are highly prevalent, occur in males and females, and are common in both overweight and nonoverweight individuals. While there has been no consistent demonstration that, as was first thought, weight cycling makes subsequent weight loss more difficult or regain more rapid, it is possible that this does occur under some conditions or in particular individuals. There are stronger and more consistent links between body weight variability and negative health outcomes, particularly all-cause mortality and mortality from coronary heart disease. Weight cycling may also have negative psychological and behavioral consequences; studies have reported increased risk for psychopathology, life dissatisfaction, and binge eating. The bulk of epidemiologic research shows an association of weight variability with morbidity and mortality, although the mechanisms are not clear at present. There is a clear need for further research on the effects of weight cycling on behavior, metabolism, and health. Understanding and promoting weight maintenance is an important priority.
本文综述了关于体重循环及体重波动对新陈代谢、心理状态、发病率和死亡率影响的研究。反复出现的体重减轻和恢复，即所谓的体重循环或溜溜球式节食，非常普遍，在男性和女性中均有发生，且在超重和非超重个体中都很常见。虽然尚无一致的证据表明，如最初所想的那样，体重循环会使后续体重减轻更加困难或体重恢复更加迅速，但在某些情况下或特定个体中确实有可能出现这种情况。体重波动与负面健康结果之间存在更紧密且更一致的联系，尤其是全因死亡率和冠心病死亡率。体重循环也可能产生负面的心理和行为后果；研究报告称，心理病理学、生活满意度和暴饮暴食的风险增加。尽管目前机制尚不清楚，但大部分流行病学研究表明体重波动与发病率和死亡率之间存在关联。显然需要进一步研究体重循环对行为、新陈代谢和健康的影响。理解并促进体重维持是一项重要的优先事项。
