Dohi I
Department of Sociology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1994 Apr;65(1):61-6. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.65.61.
An experiment was conducted to compare two models of gender-related schematic processing: Bem's gender schema theory (1981) and self-schema theory by Markus, Crane, Bernstein, and Saladi (1982). While the former argues for a construct that is unidimensional, the latter proposes separate masculine and feminine schemata. Two hundred and thirty-six college students (111 males and 125 females) completed Bem Sex Role Inventory, and then estimated subjective percentages of males and females who had each trait of BSRI. The subjective percentages were used to compute sex-typing scores. After the questionnaires, the subjects attempted free recall of the inventory items, and clustering scores were computed from the results. Data analyses, including those of covariance structure, yielded the following results: 1) The fit of the gender schema model was better than the self-schema model. 2) A strong gender schema was related to a high-congruent self-concept score, a low sex-incongruent self-concept score, a high sex-congruent sex-typing score, a high sex-incongruent sex-typing score, and a high sex-congruent clustering score. As a whole, the results could be summarized to support the gender schema theory.
进行了一项实验，以比较两种与性别相关的图式加工模型：贝姆的性别图式理论（1981年）和马库斯、克兰、伯恩斯坦和萨拉迪（1982年）的自我图式理论。前者主张一种单维的结构，而后者则提出了独立的男性和女性图式。236名大学生（111名男性和125名女性）完成了贝姆性别角色量表，然后估计具有贝姆性别角色量表各特征的男性和女性的主观百分比。主观百分比用于计算性别类型得分。在完成问卷后，受试者尝试自由回忆量表项目，并根据结果计算聚类得分。包括协方差结构分析在内的数据分析得出了以下结果：1）性别图式模型的拟合度优于自我图式模型。2） 强烈的性别图式与高度一致的自我概念得分、低性别不一致的自我概念得分、高性别一致的性别类型得分、高性别不一致的性别类型得分以及高性别一致的聚类得分相关。总体而言，这些结果可以总结为支持性别图式理论。
