Ricour C, Millot M, Balsan S
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1975 May;64(3):385-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1975.tb03852.x.
The retention of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus was studied in nine infants on total parenteral nutrition. The amounts of calcium, nitrogen and phosphorus were varied singly or simultaneously. The results demonstrate close interrelationships in the retention of these three elements. Not only the absolute amount of phosphorus perfused daily but also the amounts of nitrogen and/or calcium perfused simultaneously account for the phosphorus depletion that may lead to severe hypophosphatemia. The decrease in serum phosphorus concentration with a simultaneous fall of urinary phosphorus excretion to undetectable levels and a rise in urinary calcium output to 10 mg/kg/24 hours or more are warning symptoms of phosphorus depletion. Such a complication was observed in our first seven children on total parenteral nutrition. Phosphorus depletion can be prevented by using the following amounts of these elements in the perfusate: per 100 Kcal/kg/24 hours, 400 mg/kg/24 hours of nitrogen, 35 mg/kg/24 hours of calcium and 40 mg/kg/24 hours of phosphorus. With such a technique no phosphorus depletion was observed in any of the 63 subsequent patients whom we treated with total parenteral nutrition for periods varying from 20 days to 9 months.
对9名接受全胃肠外营养的婴儿的氮、钙和磷潴留情况进行了研究。钙、氮和磷的用量单独或同时变化。结果表明这三种元素的潴留之间存在密切的相互关系。不仅每日灌注的磷的绝对量，而且同时灌注的氮和/或钙的量都与可能导致严重低磷血症的磷耗竭有关。血清磷浓度降低，同时尿磷排泄量降至无法检测的水平，尿钙排出量升至10mg/kg/24小时或更高，这些都是磷耗竭的警示症状。在我们最初接受全胃肠外营养的7名儿童中观察到了这种并发症。通过在灌注液中使用以下量的这些元素可以预防磷耗竭：每100Kcal/kg/24小时，氮400mg/kg/24小时，钙35mg/kg/24小时，磷40mg/kg/24小时。采用这种技术，在随后接受全胃肠外营养治疗20天至9个月不等的63例患者中，均未观察到磷耗竭。
