Steinmetz K A, Childs M T, Stimson C, Kushi L H, McGovern P G, Potter J D, Yamanaka W K
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Mar;59(3):612-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/59.3.612.
A controlled crossover feeding study was conducted in eight males aged 20-36 y to compare the effects of skim milk and whole milk on blood lipids. For 6-wk diet periods, 236 mL/4191 kJ of skim or whole milk was consumed with a background diet designed according to the American Heart Association recommendations. Plasma lipids were analyzed at baseline and at 3 and 6 wk. After 6 wk, the mean total cholesterol concentration was 4.47 mmol/L with skim milk and 4.80 mmol/L with whole milk (P < or = 0.001); mean low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations were 2.64 and 2.96 mmol/L, respectively (P < or = 0.001). Mean apolipoprotein B decreased with skim milk and increased with whole milk (P < or = 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed for plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, apolipoprotein A-I, or fatty acids. Substitution of skim milk for whole milk may decrease the risk of coronary heart disease.
对8名年龄在20 - 36岁的男性进行了一项对照交叉喂养研究，以比较脱脂牛奶和全脂牛奶对血脂的影响。在为期6周的饮食期间，按照美国心脏协会的建议设计背景饮食，同时摄入236毫升/4191千焦的脱脂牛奶或全脂牛奶。在基线以及第3周和第6周时分析血浆脂质。6周后，饮用脱脂牛奶时平均总胆固醇浓度为4.47毫摩尔/升，饮用全脂牛奶时为4.80毫摩尔/升（P≤0.001）；平均低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度分别为2.64和2.96毫摩尔/升（P≤0.001）。平均载脂蛋白B随脱脂牛奶降低，随全脂牛奶升高（P≤0.05）。血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、载脂蛋白A - I或脂肪酸未观察到统计学上的显著差异。用脱脂牛奶替代全脂牛奶可能会降低冠心病风险。
