Wieslander G, Norbäck D, Edling C
Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Occup Environ Med. 1994 Mar;51(3):181-6. doi: 10.1136/oem.51.3.181.
Water based paints contain organic solvents and many additives, such as biocides, surfactants, pigments, binders, amines, and monomers. The chemical complexity may introduce new potential health hazards to house painters, in particular irritative and allergic disorders. This study was performed to compare how house painters experience work with water based paints or solvent based paints, and to evaluate whether exposure to water based paints increases mucous membrane and dermal symptoms among house painters. 255 male house painters aged 20 to 65 were invited to participate in the study. Controls were two industrial populations, in total 302 men, without exposure to water based paints. Self administered questionnaires were used to assess the painter's experiences of working with different types of paints and the occurrence of symptoms in the exposed and unexposed groups. Hygiene measurements were performed during normal working days when only water based paints and no solvent based paints were used. The painters were exposed to low concentrations of dust, metals, ammonia, formaldehyde, and volatile organic compounds. The work environment was considered better when working with water based paints than with solvent based paints. There were more complaints of frequent urination when working with water based paint. Taste or olfactory disturbances were less common. General as well as work related eye and skin irritation was more common among the exposed workers. For other symptoms no significant differences were found. The study indicates that the introduction of water based paints has improved the work environment for house painters. Water based paints cause less discomfort and airway irritation than the earlier solvent based paints. Adverse general health effects seem low. Some of the painters may have dermal symptoms caused by the components in water based paints.
水性涂料含有有机溶剂和许多添加剂，如杀菌剂、表面活性剂、颜料、粘合剂、胺类和单体。其化学复杂性可能给房屋油漆工带来新的潜在健康危害，尤其是刺激性和过敏性疾病。本研究旨在比较房屋油漆工使用水性涂料或溶剂型涂料的工作体验，并评估接触水性涂料是否会增加房屋油漆工的粘膜和皮肤症状。255名年龄在20至65岁之间的男性房屋油漆工被邀请参与该研究。对照组为两个工业群体，共302名男性，未接触水性涂料。采用自行填写的问卷来评估油漆工使用不同类型涂料的工作体验以及暴露组和未暴露组症状的发生情况。在仅使用水性涂料而不使用溶剂型涂料的正常工作日期间进行卫生测量。油漆工接触低浓度的粉尘、金属、氨、甲醛和挥发性有机化合物。与使用溶剂型涂料相比，使用水性涂料时的工作环境被认为更好。使用水性涂料时尿频的抱怨更多。味觉或嗅觉障碍较少见。暴露工人中一般以及与工作相关的眼睛和皮肤刺激更为常见。对于其他症状，未发现显著差异。该研究表明，水性涂料的引入改善了房屋油漆工的工作环境。与早期的溶剂型涂料相比，水性涂料引起的不适和气道刺激更少。对总体健康的不良影响似乎较低。一些油漆工可能因水性涂料中的成分而出现皮肤症状。
