Jensen H E, Olsen S N, Aalbaek B
Department of Pharmacology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Denmark.
Vet Pathol. 1994 Jan;31(1):28-36. doi: 10.1177/030098589403100104.
Gastrointestinal mycosis was diagnosed in 73 lesions of 32 cattle without a history of engorgement, and tissues of 29 animals were examined histopathologically. The omasum was the target organ for infection, followed by the rumen and reticulum. Acute necrohemorrhagic lesions dominated, with infiltration of neutrophils and thrombosis. The etiologic diagnosis was accomplished by indirect immunohistochemical staining of fungal elements with a panel of mono- and polyclonal antibodies raised against fungal antigens. Aspergillosis and zygomycosis were diagnosed in one or more organs of 11 (34.4%) and 20 (62.5%) cattle, respectively, and dual infections were found in three lesions of two animals. Candidosis was diagnosed in only one case. Hematogenous spread of fungi predominantly to the liver was seen in nine animals. Lymphogenic spread of aspergilli to mesenteric and omasal lymph nodes occurred in one and two animals, respectively. Factors that seemed to predispose to mycotic infection included presence of other diseases and intense antimicrobial therapy. These factors and post-partum status, which included 23 of 29 (79.3%) cows, predisposed to mycosis in several ways, e.g., reflux of acidic abomasal contents into the forestomachs, stasis of proventricular content, metabolic dysfunctions, and stress.
在32头无充血病史的牛的73处病变中诊断出胃肠道霉菌病，并对其中29头动物的组织进行了组织病理学检查。瓣胃是感染的靶器官，其次是瘤胃和网胃。急性坏死性出血性病变为主，伴有中性粒细胞浸润和血栓形成。通过用一组针对真菌抗原产生的单克隆和多克隆抗体对真菌成分进行间接免疫组织化学染色来完成病因诊断。分别在11头（34.4%）和20头（62.5%）牛的一个或多个器官中诊断出曲霉菌病和接合菌病，在两只动物的三处病变中发现了双重感染。仅在一例中诊断出念珠菌病。在9头动物中可见真菌主要经血行扩散至肝脏。曲霉菌分别经淋巴扩散至1头和2头动物的肠系膜淋巴结和瓣胃淋巴结。似乎易引发霉菌感染的因素包括存在其他疾病和强化抗菌治疗。这些因素以及产后状态（29头母牛中有23头，占79.3%）以多种方式易引发霉菌病，例如，酸性皱胃内容物反流至前胃、前胃内容物淤滞、代谢功能障碍和应激。
