Acar J F, Witchitz J L, Goldstein F, Talbot J N, Le Goffic F
J Infect Dis. 1976 Nov;134 SUPPL:S280-5. doi: 10.1093/infdis/135.supplement_2.s280.
Gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens submitted for culture in two Paris hospitals during 1974 were studied for susceptibility to six currently used aminoglycosides: kanamycin, neomycin, paromomycin, lividomycin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Resistance patterns of strains of various species including those of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, and Moraxella were determined, and the strains were grouped into eight resistance "phenotypes." In comparative studies of 807 strains belonging to different phenotypes, amikacin was markedly more active than any of the six other antibiotics; at concentrations of less than or equal to 4 mug/ml, it inhibited about 88% of the strains, including those resistant to gentamicin and tobramycin. Some amikacin-resistant strains were found among different species. The mechanism of resistance to amikacin of strains of Serratia and Moraxella group II was related to an N-acetylating enzyme. Amikacin can be expected to be useful as an alternative treatment of infections due to gram-negative bacilli sensitive to aminoglycosides and also, more particularly, for the treatment of patients infected with multiresistant strains.
对1974年在巴黎两家医院提交进行培养的临床标本中分离出的革兰氏阴性杆菌，研究了它们对六种目前使用的氨基糖苷类药物的敏感性：卡那霉素、新霉素、巴龙霉素、青紫霉素、庆大霉素和妥布霉素。确定了包括肠杆菌科、假单胞菌和莫拉菌在内的各种菌种的菌株耐药模式，并将这些菌株分为八种耐药“表型”。在对属于不同表型的807株菌株的比较研究中，阿米卡星的活性明显高于其他六种抗生素中的任何一种；在浓度小于或等于4微克/毫升时，它能抑制约88%的菌株，包括对庆大霉素和妥布霉素耐药的菌株。在不同菌种中发现了一些对阿米卡星耐药的菌株。沙雷菌和莫拉菌第二组菌株对阿米卡星的耐药机制与一种N - 乙酰化酶有关。预计阿米卡星可作为对氨基糖苷类敏感的革兰氏阴性杆菌所致感染的替代治疗药物，尤其适用于治疗感染多重耐药菌株的患者。
