Jacqmin H, Commenges D, Letenneur L, Barberger-Gateau P, Dartigues J F
INSERM U330, Université de Bordeaux II, France.
Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Jan 1;139(1):48-57. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116934.
The relation between aluminum, fluorine, calcium, and pH in drinking water and the risk for cognitive impairment was studied using data collected in 1988-1989 in a population-based survey of 3,777 French men and women aged 65 years and older (the Paquid study). Cognitive impairment was defined as a score lower than 24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination. Data related to drinking water came from two prospective measurement surveys whose reliability was checked by a variability study. A mixed effects logistic regression was performed, adjusting for the effects of the age, sex, educational level, and occupation of the participants. A significant protective effect was found for high calcium concentration (odds ratio = 0.8 for a concentration > or = 75 mg vs. < 75 mg, p = 0.015). For aluminum, no significant effect was found when pH was not included in the model, but the results showed a weak interaction between aluminum and pH. When the four variables (calcium, aluminum, pH, and aluminum x pH interaction) were considered in the statistical analysis as a group, this group was significantly related to cognitive impairment (p = 0.01).
利用1988 - 1989年在一项针对3777名65岁及以上法国男性和女性的基于人群的调查（Paquid研究）中收集的数据，研究了饮用水中铝、氟、钙和pH值与认知障碍风险之间的关系。认知障碍定义为简易精神状态检查表得分低于24分。与饮用水相关的数据来自两项前瞻性测量调查，其可靠性通过变异性研究进行了检验。进行了混合效应逻辑回归分析，对参与者的年龄、性别、教育水平和职业的影响进行了校正。发现高钙浓度具有显著的保护作用（浓度≥75毫克与＜75毫克相比，优势比 = 0.8，p = 0.015）。对于铝，当模型中不包括pH值时未发现显著影响，但结果显示铝与pH值之间存在微弱的相互作用。当在统计分析中将四个变量（钙、铝、pH值和铝与pH值的相互作用）作为一组考虑时，该组与认知障碍显著相关（p = 0.01）。
