West R, Elander J, French D
Psychology Department, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Br J Psychol. 1993 May;84 ( Pt 2):207-19. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1993.tb02474.x.
A 10-item self-report scale for mild social deviance (the Social Motivation Questionnaire) was developed and used in a study examining the role of social deviance in traffic accident risk. The scale focused on self-serving behaviours which might directly or indirectly harm the interests of others. Data were obtained from 108 drivers taking part in a research programme examining a range of factors underlying traffic accident risk. Apart from social deviance scores, measures were taken of Type-A behaviour pattern, decision-making style, self-reported driving style, age, sex, annual mileage, and accidents over a three-year period. The results indicated that the social deviance scale yielded a good spread of values and had adequate intra-scale reliability. Social deviance was positively correlated with accident rates independently of age, sex and annual mileage. The association between social deviance and accident rates appeared to be partly mediated by faster driving speed. The results indicate that, even within the general population, social deviance can show measurable variation and that this variation is predictive of traffic accident risk.
开发了一个用于测量轻度社会偏差的10项自评量表（社会动机问卷），并将其用于一项研究，该研究旨在探讨社会偏差在交通事故风险中的作用。该量表关注的是可能直接或间接损害他人利益的利己行为。数据来自108名参与一项研究项目的司机，该项目研究了一系列交通事故风险背后的因素。除了社会偏差得分外，还测量了A型行为模式、决策风格、自我报告的驾驶风格、年龄、性别、年行驶里程以及三年期间的事故情况。结果表明，社会偏差量表产生了良好的数值分布，并且具有足够的量表内部信度。社会偏差与事故率呈正相关，且不受年龄、性别和年行驶里程的影响。社会偏差与事故率之间的关联似乎部分是由更快的驾驶速度介导的。结果表明，即使在普通人群中，社会偏差也会表现出可测量的差异，并且这种差异可以预测交通事故风险。
