Schaie K W
Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Z Gerontol. 1993 May-Jun;26(3):129-37.
The Seattle Longitudinal Study (SLS) over the past 35 years has investigated individual differences and differential patterns of change for selected psychometric abilities from young adulthood old age. It has determined the magnitude and relative importance of age changes and cohort differences in different abilities. A number of contextual, health, and personality variables have been identified that offer explanations for differential change and provide a basis for possible interventions. Cognitive similarity within parent-offspring and sibling pairs has been studied and cognitive interventions were designed that have successfully remedicated carefully determined declines and have improved the cognitive functions of older persons who have remained stable. Most recently, we have begun to study age changes and differences in cognitive ability structure at the latent construct level, have conducted analyses of the relative effect of speed and accuracy in age-related decline and training gain, and have investigated the relevance of cognitive training to real life tasks.
在过去35年里，西雅图纵向研究（SLS）调查了从青年期到老年期特定心理测量能力的个体差异和变化模式差异。它确定了不同能力中年龄变化和队列差异的程度及相对重要性。已识别出一些情境、健康和个性变量，这些变量可为差异变化提供解释，并为可能的干预措施提供依据。对亲子和兄弟姐妹对之间的认知相似性进行了研究，并设计了认知干预措施，这些措施已成功纠正了精心确定的衰退，并改善了保持稳定的老年人的认知功能。最近，我们开始在潜在结构层面研究认知能力结构的年龄变化和差异，对速度和准确性在与年龄相关的衰退和训练增益中的相对影响进行了分析，并研究了认知训练与现实生活任务的相关性。
