Kida S, Steart P V, Zhang E T, Weller R O
Department of Neuropathology, Southampton University Medical School, UK.
Acta Neuropathol. 1993;85(6):646-52. doi: 10.1007/BF00334675.
Perivascular cells in the rat brain are an immunophenotypically defined group of cells which can be identified by their expression of the ED2 antigen. The present study investigates the role of perivascular cells as scavengers in the perivascular spaces of the rat brain and the relationship of these cells to microglia, macrophages, pericytes and smooth muscle cells. Particulate matter (Indian ink) was injected selectively into the perivascular spaces of the left caudoputamen of 59 rats. Animals were killed by cardiac perfusion of formalin or glutaraldehyde 2 h-2 years after ink injection. Cerebral hemispheres were examined histologically and immunocytochemically using the ED2 antibody for perivascular cells, ED1 for microglia and macrophages and OX-6 directed against Ia antigen [major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II]. ED2+ perivascular cells ingested Indian ink in the perivascular spaces and expressed MHC class II antigen. Reactive microglia and macrophages in the perivascular parenchyma expressed ED1, but no ED2+ cells were seen outside the perivascular spaces. Transmission electron microscopy distinguished perivascular cells, which ingested carbon particles, from pericytes, which did not. The results of this study suggest that perivascular cells remain distinct from pericytes, microglia and macrophages and that they play a major role as scavengers in the perivascular spaces of the rat brain. This role reflects the importance of perivascular spaces as drainage pathways for soluble and insoluble material from the brain.
大鼠脑中的血管周围细胞是一组通过免疫表型定义的细胞，可通过其ED2抗原的表达来识别。本研究调查了血管周围细胞在大鼠脑血管周围间隙中作为清除剂的作用，以及这些细胞与小胶质细胞、巨噬细胞、周细胞和平滑肌细胞的关系。将颗粒物质（印度墨水）选择性注入59只大鼠左侧尾壳核的血管周围间隙。在注射墨水后2小时至2年，通过心脏灌注福尔马林或戊二醛处死动物。使用针对血管周围细胞的ED2抗体、针对小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞的ED1抗体以及针对Ia抗原（主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）II类）的OX-6抗体，对脑半球进行组织学和免疫细胞化学检查。ED2+血管周围细胞摄取血管周围间隙中的印度墨水并表达MHC II类抗原。血管周围实质中的反应性小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞表达ED1，但在血管周围间隙外未见ED2+细胞。透射电子显微镜将摄取碳颗粒的血管周围细胞与未摄取的周细胞区分开来。本研究结果表明，血管周围细胞与周细胞、小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞不同，它们在大鼠脑血管周围间隙中作为清除剂发挥主要作用。这一作用反映了血管周围间隙作为大脑中可溶性和不可溶性物质引流途径的重要性。
