Nivison M E, Endresen I M
Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Division of Physiological Psychology, Bergen, Norway.
J Behav Med. 1993 Jun;16(3):257-76. doi: 10.1007/BF00844759.
The complex relationship among long-term exposure to environmental noise, self-reports of health, and sleep was investigated in a multifactorial design. Forty-seven women and 35 men living beside a street with moderate to heavy traffic took part. They answered questions concerning health complaints, usual sleep patterns, sleep the actual week of testing, their subjective responses to noise, psychosocial relations, anxiety, stressful life events, type A behavior, and attitudinal factors that could explain their responses to noise. No detrimental relations among objective noise levels, health, and sleep could be shown. There were, however, strong correlations between the subjective noise responses of annoyance and sensitivity and health complaints. Only women revealed a relationship between poor sleep quality and sensitivity. The stronger relationship among noise sensitivity, health complaints, and poor sleep quality for women than for men could be explained by the degree of exposure to noise as evidenced by their longer residence and greater time spent at home.
在一项多因素设计中，研究了长期暴露于环境噪声、健康自我报告和睡眠之间的复杂关系。47名女性和35名男性参与了研究，他们居住在一条交通流量适中至较大的街道旁。他们回答了有关健康问题、通常的睡眠模式、测试当周的睡眠情况、对噪声的主观反应、心理社会关系、焦虑、压力性生活事件、A型行为以及可能解释其对噪声反应的态度因素等问题。未发现客观噪声水平、健康和睡眠之间存在有害关系。然而，烦恼和敏感的主观噪声反应与健康问题之间存在很强的相关性。只有女性显示出睡眠质量差与敏感性之间存在关系。女性在噪声敏感性、健康问题和睡眠质量差之间的关系比男性更强，这可以通过她们更长的居住时间和更多的在家时间所证明的噪声暴露程度来解释。
