Kaji M, Tango T, Asukata I, Tajima N, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto Y, Hokari M
Medical Services Division, Japan Airlines, Tokyo.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1993 Aug;64(8):748-50.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term mortality and causes of death among cockpit crewmembers. A total of 2,327 cockpit crewmembers registered at Japan Airlines between August 1, 1952, and December 31, 1988, were traced to assess mortality. Medical records were also reviewed. The mortality rates for the cockpit crewmembers were compared to those for the general Japanese population using standardized mortality ratios (SMR's). As of December 31, 1988, 59 (2.5%) of 2,327 individuals were deceased, and the leading causes of death were accidents, malignant neoplasms, and cardiovascular diseases. The overall mortality rate for the cockpit crew was significantly lower than the national standard (SMR = 0.66, p < 0.001; 95% C.I. 0.50-0.85). However, marked differences were found in cause-specific mortality, where mortality due to accidents was significantly increased (SMR = 2.43, p < 0.001; 95% C.I. 1.63-3.50), while deaths from cancer were similar, and those for cerebral vascular accidents (CVA) and coronary artery disease (CAD) were lower than comparable rates for the general population. We conclude that cockpit crewmembers had a better total mortality experience compared to the general Japanese population, except for deaths due to accidents.
本研究的目的是评估驾驶舱机组人员的长期死亡率及死亡原因。对1952年8月1日至1988年12月31日在日本航空公司登记的总共2327名驾驶舱机组人员进行追踪以评估死亡率。同时也查阅了医疗记录。使用标准化死亡率（SMR）将驾驶舱机组人员的死亡率与日本普通人群的死亡率进行比较。截至1988年12月31日，2327人中59人（2.5%）已死亡，主要死亡原因是事故、恶性肿瘤和心血管疾病。驾驶舱机组人员的总体死亡率显著低于国家标准（SMR = 0.66，p < 0.001；95%置信区间0.50 - 0.85）。然而，在特定原因死亡率方面发现了显著差异，其中事故导致的死亡率显著增加（SMR = 2.43，p < 0.001；95%置信区间1.63 - 3.50），而癌症死亡情况相似，脑血管意外（CVA）和冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的死亡率低于普通人群的可比率。我们得出结论，除事故死亡外，驾驶舱机组人员的总体死亡情况优于日本普通人群。
