McDonald R J, White N M
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Behav Neurosci. 1993 Feb;107(1):3-22. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.107.1.3.
This study investigated the respective roles of the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the dorsal striatum in learning and memory. A standard set of experimental conditions for studying the effects of lesions to the three brain areas using an 8-arm radial maze was used: a win-shift version, a conditioned cue preference (CCP) version, and a win-stay version. Damage to the hippocampal system impaired acquisition of the win-shift task but not the CCP or win-stay tasks. Damage to the lateral amygdala impaired acquisition of the CCP task but not the win-shift or win-stay tasks. Damage to the dorsal striatum impaired acquisition of the win-stay task but not the win-shift or CCP tasks. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the mammalian brain may be capable of acquiring different kinds of information with different, more-or-less independent neural systems. A neural system that includes the hippocampus may acquire information about the relationships among stimuli and events. A neural system that includes the amygdala may mediate the rapid acquisition of behaviors based on biologically significant events with affective properties. A neural system that includes the dorsal striatum may mediate the formation of reinforced stimulus-response associations.
本研究调查了海马体、杏仁核和背侧纹状体在学习与记忆中的各自作用。使用了一套标准的实验条件，通过八臂放射状迷宫来研究对这三个脑区进行损伤的影响：赢-转换版本、条件线索偏好（CCP）版本和赢-保持版本。海马体系统受损会损害赢-转换任务的习得，但不会影响CCP或赢-保持任务。外侧杏仁核受损会损害CCP任务的习得，但不会影响赢-转换或赢-保持任务。背侧纹状体受损会损害赢-保持任务的习得，但不会影响赢-转换或CCP任务。这些结果与以下假设一致：哺乳动物的大脑可能能够通过不同的、或多或少独立的神经系统获取不同类型的信息。一个包括海马体的神经系统可能获取有关刺激和事件之间关系的信息。一个包括杏仁核的神经系统可能介导基于具有情感属性的生物学重要事件的行为的快速习得。一个包括背侧纹状体的神经系统可能介导强化的刺激-反应关联的形成。
