Kawai T, Mizunuma K, Yasugi T, Horiguchi S, Iguchi H, Mutti A, Ghittori S, Ikeda M
Osaka Occupational Health Service Center, Japan.
Occup Environ Med. 1995 Nov;52(11):757-63. doi: 10.1136/oem.52.11.757.
To investigate the possibilities of personal ambient monitoring and biological monitoring for methylpentane isomers.
The performance of activated carbon cloth to absorb 2- and 3-methylpentane was studied by experimental vapour exposure followed by solvent extraction and gas chromatography (GC). Urine from workers and rats exposed to 2- and 3-methylpentane was analysed by GC with or without acid or enzymatic hydrolysis.
Carbon cloth absorbed 2- and 3-methylpentane linearly to exposures up to eight hours and to 400 ppm, and was sensitive enough to detect a 15 minute peak of exposure. The two isomers were clearly separated from hexane on a DB-1 column. For analysis of the urine, enzymatic hydrolysis was superior to acid hydrolysis. Exposure of rats to methylpentane vapours showed that 2-methyl-2-pentanol and 3-methyl-2-pentanol were excreted in urine in proportion to the dose of 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane, respectively. 2-Methyl derivatives of 1-, 3-, and 4-propanol, 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol, and 3-methyl-2-pentanol were minor metabolites. Analysis of urine from the exposed workers showed that 2-methyl- and 3-methyl-2-pentanol are leading urinary metabolites after exposure to the corresponding methylpentane.
Diffusive sampling is applicable to monitor 2- and 3-methylpentane vapours as is the case for hexane vapour. 2-Methyl-2-pentanol and 3-methyl-2-pentanol will be markers of occupational exposure to 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane, respectively. Also, 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol might be a marker of exposure to 2-methylpentane.
研究甲基戊烷异构体的个人环境监测和生物监测的可能性。
通过实验性蒸汽暴露，随后进行溶剂萃取和气相色谱法（GC），研究活性炭布对2-甲基戊烷和3-甲基戊烷的吸附性能。对暴露于2-甲基戊烷和3-甲基戊烷的工人及大鼠的尿液进行有或无酸水解或酶水解的气相色谱分析。
活性炭布对2-甲基戊烷和3-甲基戊烷的吸附在长达8小时的暴露时间和400 ppm浓度范围内呈线性关系，并且灵敏度足以检测到15分钟的暴露峰值。在DB-1柱上，这两种异构体与己烷能清晰分离。对于尿液分析，酶水解优于酸水解。大鼠暴露于甲基戊烷蒸汽表明，2-甲基-2-戊醇和3-甲基-2-戊醇分别按2-甲基戊烷和3-甲基戊烷的剂量比例从尿液中排出。1-、3-和4-丙醇的2-甲基衍生物、2-甲基戊烷-2,4-二醇和3-甲基-已二醇是次要代谢产物。对暴露工人尿液的分析表明，暴露于相应甲基戊烷后，2-甲基-2-戊醇和3-甲基-2-戊醇是主要的尿液代谢产物。
扩散采样适用于监测2-甲基戊烷和3-甲基戊烷蒸汽，就像监测己烷蒸汽一样。2-甲基-2-戊醇和3-甲基-2-戊醇将分别作为职业暴露于2-甲基戊烷和3-甲基戊烷的标志物。此外，2-甲基戊烷-2,4-二醇可能是暴露于2-甲基戊烷的标志物。
