Piirilä P, Sovijärvi A R
Laboratory of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Eur Respir J. 1995 Nov;8(11):1949-56. doi: 10.1183/09031936.95.08111949.
Cough is a primitive reflex typically consisting of an initiating deep inspiration, glottal closure, and an explosive expiration accompanied by a sound. The flow characteristics of cough have been shown to differ between different pulmonary diseases. Cough sounds are generated at the larynx and in the lungs. Modern analysing techniques have also been applied in cough sound studies, and differences in cough sound duration and spectra have been found in pulmonary diseases with different bronchopulmonary pathophysiology. Since the objective assessment of cough is clinically important, automatic cough detectors and counters have been constructed, e.g. to assess the efficacy of antitussive drugs. Also, ambulatory methods for assessment of cough have been reported. This review includes a brief history of cough research and present methods available for objective assessment of cough.
咳嗽是一种原始反射，通常包括一次起始的深呼吸、声门关闭以及一次伴有声音的爆发性呼气。咳嗽的气流特征在不同的肺部疾病中已显示出差异。咳嗽声音在喉部和肺部产生。现代分析技术也已应用于咳嗽声音研究，并且在具有不同支气管肺病理生理学的肺部疾病中发现了咳嗽声音持续时间和频谱的差异。由于咳嗽的客观评估在临床上很重要，因此已经构建了自动咳嗽探测器和计数器，例如用于评估镇咳药物的疗效。此外，也有关于评估咳嗽的动态方法的报道。本综述包括咳嗽研究的简要历史以及目前可用于咳嗽客观评估的方法。
