Seidenberg M S, Petersen A, MacDonald M C, Plaut D C
Program in Neural, Informational and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-2520, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1996 Jan;22(1):48-62. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.22.1.48.
Two experiments examined factors that influence the processing of pseudohomophones (nonwords such as brone or joap, which sound like words) and nonpseudohomophones (such as brone and joap, which do not sound like words). In Experiment 1, pseudohomophones yielded faster naming latencies and slower lexical-decision latencies than did nonpseudohomophones, replicating results of R. S. McCann and D. Besner (1987) and R. S. McCann, D. Besner, and E. Davelaar (1988). The magnitude of the effect was related to subjects' speed in lexical decision but not naming. In Experiment 2, both immediate and delayed naming conditions were used. There was again a significant pseudohomophone effect that did not change in magnitude across conditions. These results indicate that pseudohomophone effects in the lexical-decision and naming tasks have different bases. In lexical decision, they reflect the pseudohomophone's activation of phonological and semantic information associated with words. In naming, they reflect differences in ease of articulating familiar versus unfamiliar pronunciations. Implications of these results concerning models of word recognition are discussed, focusing on how pseudohomophone effects can arise within models that do not incorporate word-specific representations, such as the M. S. Seidenberg and J. L. McClelland (1989) model.
两项实验研究了影响假同音字（如brone或joap这样听起来像单词的非词）和非假同音字（如brone和joap这样听起来不像单词的词）加工的因素。在实验1中，与非假同音字相比，假同音字产生了更快的命名潜伏期和更慢的词汇判断潜伏期，重复了R. S. 麦肯和D. 贝斯纳（1987年）以及R. S. 麦肯、D. 贝斯纳和E. 达韦拉尔（1988年）的研究结果。这种效应的大小与被试在词汇判断中的速度有关，而与命名速度无关。在实验2中，使用了即时命名和延迟命名条件。同样存在显著的假同音字效应，且该效应在不同条件下大小不变。这些结果表明，词汇判断任务和命名任务中的假同音字效应有不同的基础。在词汇判断中，它们反映了假同音字对与单词相关的语音和语义信息的激活。在命名中，它们反映了清晰发出熟悉发音与不熟悉发音的难易程度差异。讨论了这些结果对单词识别模型的意义，重点关注在不包含特定单词表征的模型（如M. S. 塞登伯格和J. L. 麦克莱兰（1989年）模型）中假同音字效应是如何产生的。
